Overreaching and overtraining syndrome: definition, diagnosis, and recovery — a narrative review
Meeusen R, et al.
Evidence is still building up
Summary
A review based on the joint consensus statement from the European College of Sport Science (ECSS) and the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) on overreaching (OR) and overtraining syndrome (OTS). Clarifies staged definitions, diagnostic criteria, recovery periods, and prevention strategies for OR and OTS.
Key findings
- 1
Overreaching (OR) is a short-term performance decrement — a functional stage reversible within days to 2 weeks of recovery
- 2
Overtraining Syndrome (OTS) involves performance decrement lasting weeks to months, accompanied by psychological symptoms and hormonal abnormalities
- 3
Objective biomarkers for OTS are not yet established; diagnosis by exclusion is the standard approach
- 4
Recovery duration ranges from days to 2 weeks for functional OR, and months to over a year for OTS
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